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White blood cells are cells that protect the body from various infections. Lack of white blood cells or leukopenia will cause the body vulnerable to infection. In addition, there are also other effects that can occur, depending on the type of white blood cells whose numbers are reduced. Normally, the number of white blood cells in adults is around 3,500-11,000 cells per microliter of blood. Someone is said to have leukopenia if the number of white blood cells is less than 3,500 cells per microliter of blood. There are various things that can cause a person to experience a shortage of white blood cells, including: Disorders of blood cells and spinal cord, such as aplastic anemia. Congenital abnormalities that cause bone marrow do not produce white blood cells, as in congenital neutropenia. Cancer and therapies for cancer, such as chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Viral or bacterial infections, such as HIV / AIDS and tuberculosis. The use of certain drugs, such as antiviral drugs, ...

Carcinoma is cancer that develops from skin tissue or tissue making up organ walls. There are various types of carcinomas with different symptoms. What are the types and how are they handled? Check out the following explanation. Carcinoma arises when cells making up the body's walls have damaged or mutated DNA. DNA mutations will cause cells to grow and develop uncontrollably. What are the types of carcinomas? Carcinoma is a type of cancer that can attack any body tissue, including skin, breast, lung, and digestive system. Some types of carcinomas that you may often hear include: Basal cell carcinoma Basal cell carcinoma is a type of carcinoma that grows and develops on skin that is often exposed to sunlight. The signs can be red blotches, open sores, and shiny pink bumps on the skin. A number of factors can increase a person's risk of developing basal cell carcinoma, such as being white, suffering from autoimmune disease, having many moles on the body, having a weak im...

Caesarean section is a medical procedure that aims to expel the baby through the incision in the abdomen and uterus of the mother, usually made just below the waist line. In many cases, a cesarean section is performed with a type of epidural anesthesia where the mother can remain awake during the surgery. The majority of mothers undergoing cesarean delivery can be discharged from the hospital 3 to 5 days after the surgical procedure. But to fully recover, routine maintenance is needed at home and periodic control to a gynecologist for a period of approximately one month. Indications for Caesarean section Caesarean section can be done if the mother wants a labor by elective surgery or as an emergency measure when the doctor feels the mother's pregnancy is too risky to be born normally. Your doctor will likely consider a cesarean section in several conditions such as: The fetus does not get enough oxygen and nutrition, so it must be born as soon as possible. Mothers have infe...

Most people have experienced skin infections caused by fungi. Fungal infections of the skin can occur in any age group, male or female, and are the most common skin infections. Come on, identify the causes and ways to overcome fungal skin infections. Skin fungus infection is a disease that we encounter very often, maybe even we have experienced. Mild skin fungal infections generally cause a rash on the skin. The rash is not dangerous, but it can feel itchy and interfere with appearance. Fungi are primitive organisms that live around our environment, such as air, soil, and even water. Some types of mushrooms can live in the body of animals and humans. Most fungi breed with spores that can spread in the air. That is why, fungal infections most often attack the outside of our body, such as the skin and nails. People who are active in moving and sweating are more often exposed to fungal skin infections, especially if they are not careful in maintaining personal hygiene. Diabetics are ...